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Questy's, Logical Versus Physical Styles

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The text formatting tags in the previous page are known as Physical Styles, while the ones introduced below are called Logical Styles.

In the ideal universe, content is divorced from presentation. The advantage of this approach (it's similar in concept to style sheets in many word processors) is that if you decide to change level-one headings to be 20-point left-justified Helvetica, all you have to do is change the definition of the level-one heading in your Web browser.

Many browsers today let you define how you want the various HTML tags rendered on-screen using what are called cascading style sheets, or CSS. Style sheets will be discussed later in this course.

Another advantage of logical tags is that they help enforce consistency in your documents. It's easier to tag something as <H1> than to remember that level-one headings are 24-point bold Times centered or whatever. For example, consider the <STRONG> tag. Most browsers render it in bold text. However, it is possible that a reader would prefer that these sections be displayed in red instead. (This is possible using a local cascading style sheet on the reader's own computer.) Logical styles offer this flexibility.

Physical styles offer consistency in that something you tag a certain way will always be displayed that way for readers of your document.

Try to be consistent about which type of style you use. If you tag with physical styles, do so throughout a document. If you use logical styles, stick with them within a document.

Logical Styles (appearance controlled by the browser's preferences)

<H1> through <H6>
Numbered 1 through 6, with 1 being the most prominent, Headings are displayed in larger and/or bolder fonts than normal body text.
<DFN> for a word being defined. Typically displayed in italic
<CITE> for titles of books, films, etc. Typically displayed in italics.
<CODE> for computer code. Displayed in a fixed width font.
<KBD> for user keyboard entry. Typically displayed in plain fixed width font.
<SAMP> for a sequence of literal characters. Displayed in a fixed width font.
<STRONG> for strong emphasis. Typically displayed in bold.
<VAR> for a variable, where you will replace the variable with specific information. Typically displayed in italics.

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